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Reptile and Amphibian Encyclopedia > Lizards > Chameleons
Chameleons
Chameleons (family Chamaeleonidae) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of lizards. They are distinguished by their parrot-like zygodactylous feet, their separately mobile and stereoscopic eyes, their very long, highly modified, and rapidly extrudable tongues, their swaying gait, and the possession by many of a prehensile tail, crests or horns on their distinctively shaped heads, and the ability of some to change color. Uniquely adapted for climbing and visual hunting, the approximately 160 species of chameleon range from Africa, Madagascar, Spain and Portugal, across south Asia, to Sri Lanka, have been introduced to Hawaii, California and Florida, and are found in warm habitats that vary from rain forest to desert conditions.
Chamaeleoninae
- Bradypodion
- Calumma
- Calumma amber
- Calumma andringitraense
- Boettger's Chameleon - Calumma boettgeri
- Short-horned Chameleon - Calumma brevicorne
- Madagascar Chameleon - Calumma capuroni
- Calumma crypticum
- Hooded Chameleon - Calumma cucullatum
- Deceptive Chameleon - Calumma fallax
- Forked Chameleon - Calumma furcifer
- Blade Chameleon - Calumma gallus
- Perinet Chameleon - Calumma gastrotaenia
- Calumma glawi
- Flat-casqued Chameleon - Calumma globifer
- Guibe's Chameleon - Calumma guibei
- Calumma guillaumeti
- Calumma hafahafa
- Calumma hilleniusi
- Calumma jejy
- Maroantsetra Chameleon - Calumma linotum
- Yellow-green Chameleon - Calumma malthe
- Calumma marojezense
- Big-nosed Chameleon - Calumma nasutum
- O'Shaughnessy's Chameleon - Calumma oshaughnessyi
- Parson's Giant Chameleon - Calumma parsonii
- Calumma peltierorum
- Brygoo's Chameleon - Calumma peyrierasi
- Tiger Chameleon - Calumma tigris
- Tsaratanan Chameleon - Calumma tsaratananense
- Calumma tsycorne
- Calumma vatosoa
- Calumma vencesi
- Chamaeleo
- Ethiopian Highland Chameleon - Chamaeleo affinis
- African Chameleon - Chamaeleo africanus
- Angola Chameleon - Chamaeleo anchietae
- Arabian Chameleon - Chamaeleo arabicus
- Bale Mountains Two-horned Chameleon - Chamaeleo balebicornatus
- Side-striped Chameleon - Chamaeleo bitaeniatus
- Awash Chameleon - Chamaeleo calcaricarens
- Veiled Chameleon - Chamaeleo calyptratus
- Cameroon Chameleon - Chamaeleo camerunensis
- Common Chameleon - Chamaeleo chamaeleon
- Chamaeleo chamaeleon chamaeleon
- Chamaeleo chamaeleon musae
- Chamaeleo chamaeleon orientalis
- Chamaeleo chamaeleon rectricrista
- Grey Chameleon - Chamaeleo chapini
- Chamaeleo conirostratus
- Crested Chameleon - Chamaeleo cristatus
- Usambara Three-horned Chameleon - Chamaeleo deremensis
- Flap-necked Chameleon - Chamaeleo dilepis
- Chamaeleo dilepis dilepis
- Chamaeleo dilepis idjwiensis
- Chamaeleo dilepis isabellinus
- Chamaeleo dilepis martensi
- Chamaeleo dilepis petersii
- Eisentraut's Chameleon - Chamaeleo eisentrauti
- Montane Side-striped Chameleon - Chamaeleo ellioti
- Chamaeleo etiennei
- Fe's Chameleon - Chamaeleo feae
- Ngosi Volcano Chameleon - Chamaeleo fuelleborni
- Tanganyika Chameleon - Chamaeleo goetzei
- Chamaeleo goetzei goetzei
- Chamaeleo goetzei nyikae
- Giant Spiny Chameleon - Chamaeleo verrucosus
- Graceful Chameleon - Chamaeleo gracilis
- Bale Mountains Heather Chameleon - Chamaeleo harennae
- Chamaeleo harennae harennae
- Chamaeleo harennae fitchi
- Helmeted Chameleon - Chamaeleo hoehnelii
- Chamaeleo hoehnelii hoehnelii
- Chamaeleo hoehnelii altaeelgonis
- Poroto Mountain Chameleon - Chamaeleo incornutus
- Ituri Forest Chameleon - Chamaeleo ituriensis
- Jackson's Three-horned Chameleon - Chamaeleo jacksonii jacksonii
- Mt. Meru Jackson's Chameleon - Chamaeleo jacksonii merumontanus
- Mt. Kenya Yellow Crested Jackson's Chameleon - Chamaeleo jacksonii xantholophus
- Johnston's Chameleon - Chamaeleo johnstoni
- Chamaeleo kinetensis
- Smooth Chameleon - Chamaeleo laevigatus
- Spine-sided Chameleon - Chamaeleo laterispinis
- Mount Marsabit Chameleon - Chamaeleo marsabitensis
- Meller's Chameleon - Chamaeleo melleri
- Monarch Chameleon - Chamaeleo monachus
- Cameroon Sailfin Chameleon - Chamaeleo montium
- Namaqua Chameleon - Chamaeleo namaquensis
- Chamaeleo necasi
- Owen's Three-horned Chameleon - Chamaeleo oweni
- Pfeffer's Chameleo - Chamaeleo pfefferi
- Four-horned Chameleon - Chamaeleo quadricornis
-
- o - Chamaeleo quadricornis quadricornis
- Chamaeleo quadricornis gracilior
- Bocage's Chameleon - Chamaeleo quilensis
- Chamaeleo roperi
- Coarse Chameleon - Chamaeleo rudis
- Chamaeleo ruspolii
- Schouteden's Chameleon - Chamaeleo schoutedeni
- Mount Kenya Side-striped Chameleon - Chamaeleo schubotzi
- Senegal Chameleon - Chamaeleo senegalensis
- Chamaeleo sternfeldi
- Tanzania Mountain Chameleon - Chamaeleo tempeli
- Eldama Ravine Chameleon - Chamaeleo tremperi
- Uzungwe Three-horned Chameleon - Chamaeleo werneri
- Mount Lefo Chameleon - Chamaeleo wiedersheimi wiedersheimi
- Chamaeleo wiedersheimi perreti
- Indian Chameleon - Chamaeleo zeylanicus
- Furcifer
- Kinyongia
- Ituri Chameleon - Kinyongia adolfifriderici
- Boehme's Chameleon - Kinyongia boehmei
- Carpenter's Chameleon - Kinyongia carpenteri
- Mt. Kenya Hornless Chameleon - Kinyongia excubitor
- Fischer's Chameleon - Kinyongia fischeri
- Magombera chameleon - Kinyongia magomberae
- Giant Monkey-tailed East Usambara Two-horned Chameleon - Kinyongia matschiei
- West Usambara Two-horned Chameleon - Kinyongia multituberculata
- Sharp-nosed Chameleon - Kinyongia oxyrhina
- Dwarf Two-horned Chameleon - Kinyongia tavetana
- Usambara Soft-horned Chameleon - Kinyongia tenuis
- Uluguru Two-horned Chameleon - Kinyongia uluguruensis
- Hanang Hornless Chameleon - Kinyongia uthmoelleri
- East Usambara Two-horned Chameleon - Kinyongia vosseleri
- Strange-nosed Chameleon - Kinyongia xenorhina
- Van Heygen's Chameleon - Kinyongia vanheygeni
- Nadzikambia
Brookesiinae
- Brookesia
- Mt. Amber Pygmy Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia ambreensis
- Brookesia antakarana
- Brookesia bekolosy
- Blanc's Leaf Chameleon. - Brookesia betschi
- Brookesia bonsi
- Brygoo's Chameleon - Brookesia brygooi
- Spiny Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia decaryi
- Brookesia dentata
- Northern Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia ebenaui
- Brookesia exarmata
- Brookesia griveaudi
- Naturelle Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia karchei
- Fito Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia lambertoni
- Brookesia lineata
- Brookesia lolontany
- Minute Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia minima
- Elongate Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia nasus
- Brookesia nasus nasus
- Brookesia nasus pauliani
- Antsingy Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia perarmata
- Peyrieras' Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia peyrierasi
- Plated Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia stumpffi
- Brown Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia superciliaris
- Perinet Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia therezieni
- Domergue's Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia thieli
- Brookesia tuberculata
- Iaraka River Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia vadoni
- Raxworthy's Leaf Chameleon - Brookesia valerieae
- Rieppeleon
- Beardless Pygmy Chameleon - Rieppeleon brachyurus
- Bearded Pygmy Chameleon - Rieppeleon brevicaudatus
- Kenya Pygmy Chameleon - Rieppeleon kerstenii
- Rieppeleon kerstenii kerstenii
- Rieppeleon kerstenii robecchii
- Rhampholeon
- Rhampholeon acuminatus
- Rhampholeon beraduccii
- Boulenger's Pygmy Chameleon - Rhampholeon boulengeri
- Rhampholeon chapmanorum
- Marshall's Pygmy Chameleon - Rhampholeon marshalli
- Rhampholeon moyeri
- Pitless Pygmy Chameleon - Rhampholeon nchisiensis
- Rhampholeon platyceps
- Rhampholeon platyceps platyceps
- Rhampholeon platyceps carri
- Spectral Pygmy Chameleon - Rhampholeon spectrum
- Rosette-Nosed Chameleon - Rhampholeon spinosus
- Usambara Pitted Pygmy Chameleon - Rhampholeon temporalis
- Uluguru Pygmy Chameleon - Rhampholeon uluguruensis
- Rhampholeon viridis
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