Reptile & Amphibian News Blog
Keep up with news and features of interest to the reptile and amphibian community on the kingsnake.com blog. We cover breaking stories from the mainstream and scientific media, user-submitted photos and videos, and feature articles and photos by Jeff Barringer, Richard Bartlett, and other herpetologists and herpetoculturists.
Friday, June 19 2015
 The seven surviving offspring of the leucistic boa constrictor smuggled by reptile breeder Jeremy Stone have been repatriated to Brazil, nearly a year after Stone plead guilty in federal court. The original boa, as well as one of the offspring, died, but the remainder returned to Brazil, which claimed ownership because the original specimen had been captured there.
In July 2014, Stone pleaded guilty plea to unlawfully transporting wildlife into the United States. As part of his plea agreement, Stone agreed to forfeit the boa’s offspring to the United States.
“The successful prosecution of Mr. Stone and the recovery and repatriation of the offspring from this rare and valuable leucistic boa constrictor are due to the exceptional cooperation between the United States and Brazilian authorities,” said U.S. Attorney Huber.
For more information, read the Department of Justice press release at http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/united-states-repatriates-seven-boa-constrictors-brazil
Thursday, June 4 2015
 Governor Kasich, we are the "Snake People" -- also known as biologists, conservationists, and herpetologists!
All herpers, -- conservatives, liberals, moderates, independents, green party, and whatever else may be your affiliation -- must stand united to initiate the most vigorous grass roots campaign to publicly oppose the candidacy of Governor John Kasich (R-Ohio) for President of the United States.
On October 21, 2011, Governor John Kasich, by executive order, required a Dangerous Wild Animal Workgroup, within 39 days, to propose legislation regarding the regulation of "dangerous wild animals" in Ohio.
The workgroup recommendation was obviously predetermined. We know what happened regarding unreasonable restrictions being placed on responsible reptile owners; and that Governor Kasich was the driving force behind the Ohio DWA legislation (along with his friends at HSUS). Not only have Ohio herpers and exotic animal owners suffered (many moving out of Ohio), but we now have endured copy-cat legislation in West Virginia and who knows where else in the future.
Our numbers are not equivalent to those of some other groups, but due to our extreme passion for herpetology, our message to government officials and politicians has become loud and powerful: Don't tread on us! As I wrote before, USARK's preliminary injunction against USFWS has left the federal agency stunned. You had to be at the court hearings in Washington, DC to observe their sullen faces.
At the state level, USARK also laid down markers on behalf of reptile and amphibian owners. For example, a prolonged battle during 2014 and early 2015 resulted in the removal of all salamanders, tree frogs, clawed frogs, toads, turtles, large lizards, constrictor snakes, venomous snakes and crocodilians from the WV DWA list.
Then several weeks ago upon adjournment of a DWA Board meeting in WV, one of the DWA Board members politely asked those of us observing the meeting if we were "snake people." On behalf of our contingency, I responded: "Yes, we are 'snake people.'" One of our members then identified himself as an accomplished WV biologist-herpetologist. I wonder how they knew/guessed we were snake people?
Photo: kingsnake.com user eastbayexotics
Monday, June 1 2015
 In briefs and during recent hearings, United States Fish and Wildlife Service USFWS) informed the United States District Court for the District of Columbia that it would take 75 days to determine whether to appeal the preliminary injunction (PI) granted to USARK. However, the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure appear to only provide 60 days in which a United States agency may file a Notice of Appeal. [ Rule 4(a)(1)(B)(ii)] Nonetheless, USFWS requested a stay of the PI for 75 days.
In his order, United States District Court Judge Randolph D. Moss stayed most of the proceedings in the Federal District Court for 60 days or until the termination of any appeal of the PI. Judge Moss did not technically stay the PI, but he effectively did so temporarily by making the PI effective 14 days after his order, on Tuesday, June 2, 2015.
If it files a notice of appeal, USFWS may again seek a stay of the PI for the pendency of such appeal. It also appears that USFWS could technically file immediately for a stay of the PI with the United States Court of Appeals. [ Rule 8(a)]
However, it seems unlikely the Court of Appeals would be inclined to take such a motion for stay very seriously if USFWS did not simultaneously file a notice of appeal. Why? The District Court has already considered and denied any stay of the PI beyond the 14 days already allowed through June 2, 2015.
Moreover, if USFWS sees the reversal of the PI as an extraordinarily important issue, then it should be able to expedite the administrative procedure for filing a notice of appeal.
During the hearing, USFWS stated that it was time consuming to get administrative permission to appeal because an appeal had to be authorized by the Solicitor General, and also involved Department of Justice lawyers at the trial and appellate levels, as well as a number of folks at USFWS and The Department of Interior, at various levels.
Photo: kingsnake.com user eschmit04
Monday, April 6 2015
 In a short unreasoned response, USFWS refused an extension request of the effective date (April 9, 2015) of the Lacey Act listing of reticulated pythons, green anacondas, Beni anacondas, and DeSchauensees Anacondas.
USARK had requested an extension of the 30-day period from the date of the Lacey Act listing in the Federal Register.
USFWS specified that it was rejecting the request for breeders and other sellers to try to minimize the economic impact of the listing of these species. USFWS has broad authority to set the effective date or extend the effective date of Lacey Act listings, but argued that an extension would undermine the purpose of the listing. USFWS also argued it did not have time to complete any process necessary to grant such an extension.
In response, USARK has filed for a preliminary injunction and temporary restraining order to obtain the requested extension by an order of the Federal District Court already hearing the USARK case filed to challenge the listing of the Burmese python, yellow anaconda, and Southern and Northern African rock pythons (and amended now to include the reticulated python etc.).
The hearing will be held at 2 PM on Tuesday, April 7. USFWS'opposition will be filed by noon, Monday, April 6. USARK's reply will be filed by noon, Tuesday, April 7.
Although courts are reluctant to grant the extraordinary relief of a TRO and PI, USARK's memorandum makes a very compelling case. The memorandum sets forth in detail why USARK meets the requirements of "likelihood of success on the merits" and "irreparable harm" that will be suffered. In addition, the memorandum explains why USFWS would suffer little or no harm if an extension of the effective date was delayed until a final decision on the merits of the USARK case.
Photo: kingsnake.com user JonMIller
Wednesday, April 1 2015

In a surprising move this morning USFWS Director Dan Ashe has announced that the federal government will seek an immediate ban on the importation, interstate transport, and possession, of the Mediterranean House Gecko, Hemidactylus turcicus, an invasive species that has taken over in many states in the Southern U.S.
"Thousands of these geckos have been released over the years by pet owners into the everglades, and climate change will only hasten their spread. Without a multi-billion dollar taxpayer funded effort to eradicate these invaders, millions of American insects will be at risk, including the endangered Alabama blue nosed fly, and the Daytona bar hopper. That said I have instructed the service to add this species to the invasive species list and we shall immediately seek to ban their importation and ownership under the Lacey act statutes" said Director Dan Ashe. "Additionally we have instructed the service to draw up a multi-decade eradication plan that will use techniques used and successfully developed to combat other invasive reptiles such as the Burmese Python and Brown Tree Snake."
USFWS plans are said to include setting up an invasive gecko task force to bring together the many state and federal agencies working to resolve the issue, airdrops of millions of bait insects from helicopters across the U.S., as well as the issuance of powerful flash lights to all field agents over 5 feet in height. Homeowners across the U.S. are being asked to help in this fight, the service requesting that they immediately check the eaves and overhangs of their dwellings at night for the invasive geckos, and reporting any they find to their USFWS regional office. Homeowners found to be harboring geckos after the ban has been implemented face fines up to $250,000 under the current Lacey act statutes.
Friday, March 6 2015
 An inaccurate report published last night in the Miami Herald set the stage for bad news, but while today the USFWS has chosen not to list the boa constrictor as an invasive species at this time, they did list the reticulated pythons and three species of anaconda.
A press release issued today by the service stated:
"The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) today declared the reticulated python, DeSchauensee’s anaconda, green anaconda and Beni anaconda as “injurious” under the Lacey Act. A fifth snake, the boa constrictor, is removed from consideration for listing as an injurious wildlife species.
The listing will prohibit import of the four snakes into the United States and its territories, as well as transport across state lines for snakes already in the country, and is intended to help restrict the snakes’ spread in the wild. Following opportunities for public comment, an economic analysis and an environmental assessment, the Service produced the final rule, which is expected to publish in the Federal Register March 10. The prohibitions in the rule will go into effect 30 days after publication and apply to live individuals, gametes, viable eggs or hybrids of the four snakes."
To read the complete press release, click here.
Photo: kingsnake.com user Steve Ray
Thursday, February 26 2015
 Last weekend saw the annual British Royal Pigeon Racing Association show in Blackpool. The show attracts around 15,000 visitors, with over 100 trade stands and around 3,000 animals. It’s the biggest pigeon show in the calendar and, as far as we are aware, it went off without a hitch.
But this is a reptile site, so why am I telling you this? Because at the same time as the pigeon show was happening, the UK reptile show scene is preparing for a landmark legal case to determine if reptile shows are legal.
The Federation of British Herpetologists, representing the interests of reptile societies and hobbyists, is confident that the judicial review will be a good thing for the hobby regardless of the outcome.
Should the review find in favour of the shows then this will be a major blow to the extremist animal rights organizations who wish to see the shows banned. Should the review go against the hobby, then government will be under enormous pressure to revise the loophole in the outdated legislation in British law which makes the legality of shows ambiguous. It is hoped that the shows will eventually be licensed as this will vindicate local authorities who are pressured into stopping the shows by animal rights campaigners.
Reptile shows are a hugely beneficial network facilitating the sharing of expertise. Many respected animal welfare organizations recommend hobbyists buy their animals directly from a reputable breeder, and these shows provide the best opportunity to achieve that aim. These shows and relationships help to advance the hobby.
More worryingly, should reptile shows be banned then the ruling would likely be rolled out to cover all vertebrate animals – dogs, cats, fish, rabbits and pigeons included. Then where would we be?
Wednesday, February 18 2015
 Internal USFWS/DOI politics over the status of the dunes sagebrush lizard have cost a field agent his career and shed light on policy decisions at the DOI that bring into question the agency's compliance with the Endangered Species Act.
The Houston Chronicle reports the decision as to whether or not the dunes sagebrush lizard would be listed, causing all sorts of problems for landowners and the oil industry, was pre-ordained by politics rather than determined by science, which is required by the Act.
"There was no way we were going to list a lizard in the middle of oil country during an election year."
This quote, said to have been uttered at a meeting by then-USFWS Albuquerque-based regional director Benjamin Tuggle according to court testimony by whistleblower and former USFWS agent Gary Mowad, is the "smoking gun" allegedly showing the listing decision was predetermined, a key tenet and violation of the Endangered Species Act.
Mowad had told internal investigators the federally-approved plan to conserve habitat for the reptile through voluntary pacts between the state and landowners was not legal, verifiable, or enforceable under the Endangered Species Act, before being banished to an inactive role in the agency.
Mowad sued and settled with the agency, an almost unprecedented conclusion to a USFWS whistleblower suit. However, that settlement leaves up in the air the question of the lizard's status, and to a greater extent, the USFWS decision to bow to politics rather than follow the law, a decision sure to haunt them in current and future lawsuits.
If the agency charged with enforcing the laws won't follow the laws themselves, they make a mockery of having the laws in the first place, and surrender any moral or ethical high ground they may have occupied.
Read the complete article here.
Wednesday, February 11 2015
 The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) has lobbied for dangerous wild animal bills in various states throughout the country. As we enter the legislative season in many states, it seems timely to review the stated position of HSUS regarding wild animals as pets.
The organization states it "strongly opposes keeping wild animals as pets." It defines wild animals broadly to include "any non-domesticated native or exotic mammal, bird, reptile, amphibian, fish, or invertebrate, regardless of whether the animal is wild caught or captive bred." Thus, HSUS considers most pets to be wild animals.
HSUS asserts wild animals make unsuitable pets under virtually all circumstances because very few people are properly equipped or have the expertise to maintain them.
The extreme reach of dangerous wild animal legislation was revealed during a rule-making process in West Virginia last year. Pursuant to a DWA law supported by HSUS in the state, the proposed list of DWAs included all salamanders, tree frogs, clawed frogs, toads, and turtles (except those native to West Virginia).
In response to this proposed list, the WV director for HSUS supported (on page 987) the proposed list with the exception of a suggestion to clarify that domestic rabbits were not DWAs, and a request to add boa constrictors.
Although turtles, salamanders, tree frogs, clawed frogs and toads have been removed from the DWA list, it is very clear that HSUS supported their listing as DWAs.
Image: Sixth grade class learning about snakes, uploaded by kingsnake.com user leslonsdale1.
Monday, February 9 2015
 The owner of an exotic pet store in Campbellton, New Brunswick, Canada, was arrested on February 5, 2015, and then promptly released to face charges to be made public at a hearing to be held on April 27.
A statement released by the New Brunswick Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) disclosed the pending charges are in connection with the death of two young boys in the pet store owner’s apartment, which was above the store.
The RCMP statement also stated "[a]utopsies determined the boys died as a result of being asphyxiated by an African rock python that was being housed in the same apartment where the boys were attending a sleepover."
This new information suggests the store owner will be charged with negligent homicide, i.e., the store owner's negligence caused the death of the children. A key fact in any such prosecution is likely to be the first-hand report that a ventilation fan removed from the ceiling of the snake's enclosure left an opening for the snake to escape and crawl onto the drop-ceiling in the adjacent room where the children were sleeping.
Questions have remained in the reptile community and elsewhere about exactly what happened on that tragic night one and a half years ago, because it is extraordinarily rare for one of these large snakes to kill a human. Efforts are underway to obtain additional details from the autopsy report or any other documentation when such items become available.
Thursday, February 5 2015
 Reptile hobbyists in the UK are watching closely as new legislation unfolds in other member countries of the European Union.
Legislators in Holland have imposed "white list" restrictions on the types of mammals that can be kept in that country, with similar lists for reptiles and birds to be revealed soon.
White list legislation comprises a list of species that can be kept in that country, with all other species becoming illegal. Although this type of legislation is condemned by most pet and welfare experts, it is becoming the holy grail of animal-rights groups in Europe and around the world, as these laws impose the greatest restrictions on the number of species that can be kept.
The alternative "black list" approach to legislation, which only outlaws those species that are proved to be problematic or invasive, is more widely adopted where proper research and consultation has been conducted. However, with several European countries considering white-list laws, British keepers are worried that this legislation could be adopted and rolled out across the entire Euro-zone.
Britain’s reptile hobby and trade have been well protected by advocate organizations such as The Reptile and Exotic Pet Trade and the Federation of British Herpetologists, and so home-grown legislation is unlikely to be problematic. However, reptile keepers are poorly represented in European political circles where animal rights groups are active, well-funded, and organized.
Should the EU Commission decide to heed the lobbying of these groups, the legislation produced there would override any British laws.
Tuesday, January 27 2015
 In 2014, West Virginia enacted a Dangerous Wild Animal (DWA) law that resulted in the proposal of a regulation/rule that would create an absurdly long list of DWAs. For example, the proposed DWA list initially included all turtles and salamanders (except native W. Virg. species).
Months of hard work by reptile, amphibian, and other exotic owners in the state and across the U.S. has resulted in an opportunity to overturn West Virginia's DWA Act. On the third day of the 2015 legislation session, four senators submitted SB 247 to repeal the DWA Act. One of these senators had voted in favor of the DWA law in 2014. In a single sentence, SB 247 will remove every single word of the DWA Act as if it never existed. That will be a turning point for state legislation.
USARK and its associated chapter in W. Virg. have been coordinating efforts to fight against the state’s DWA law and proposed rule for approximately 10 months.
The opportunity to create a clear turning point in anti-reptile legislation is within reach. With their hundreds of millions of dollars, anti-pet groups like HSUS and PETA will certainly continue to campaign against your ownership of pet reptiles and amphibians. It is what they do. It is an integral part of their business model.
The repeal of the DWA law in W. Virg. would set a precedent that would be very influential in our continued battles against our extremist animal rights adversaries. This is an opportunity for the reptile nation to make a big statement. The question is whether the reptile and amphibian owners in W. Virg. and across the U.S. will capitalize on this opportunity by actively engaging in the legislative process.
How to help
If you are a W. Virg. resident, you should sign up to help repeal the DWA Act by sending your contact information to wvusarc@gmail.com. USARK will be posting action alerts for everyone to help with repealing the Act, as well as responding to proposed legislation and regulations across the country.
The first step for W. Virg. residents is to identify your senatorial district and your two senators. Please immediately call your senators and email them asking them to cosponsor SB 247. It would be helpful to add a note about how this law has upset your life.
Also, please ask at least two of your exotic animal friends in W. Virg. to do the same thing, and for them to ask two more people (and so on), so we create a pyramid and each of the state's 34 senators is contacted multiple times by a constituent to sponsor SB 247.
Friday, January 23 2015
 An article about a supposed reptile ban has been making it's way around social media. It has a headline designed to frighten any herper: "BREAKING NEWS: NC Reptile Ban Legislation! HSUS to Push for Dangerous Wild Animal Legislation in NC; Boas, Pythons and Venomous at Risk." Sounds really ominous, doesn’t it?
The article was based on information posted on the website of Carolina Tiger Rescue (CTR), stating CTR will join with the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) to introduce a bill that "bans bears, non-human primates, and wild cats." It further states this "legislation has nothing to do with farming practices. It is about bears, nonhuman primates, and wild cats. Not pigs. Not chickens. Not cows."
Nevertheless, that hasn't stopped speculation by voices intent on inflaming the community with messages saying things like “this legislation may cover more than big cats. The HSUS model Dangerous Wild Animal (DWA) legislation, for which they received the stamp of approval from the American Bar Association (ABA) Animal Law Committee in 2014, includes large constrictors (even boa constrictors) and venomous snakes."
It should be noted that the above referenced model legislation has not been adopted by the ABA; but is merely a recommendation by a committee.
A simple phone call to the executive director of CTR, Pam Fulk, immediately answered the speculation as to whether the legislation included or would include reptiles or amphibians. Fulk responded that such speculation is "absolutely untrue." She said the legislation is in its final process of review, adding, "People are already making things up."
When a group has any association with HSUS, USARK is vigilant to verify their statements to us. USARK has mechanisms in place to identify legislation introduced in all 50 states, including amendments to existing laws that would affect the herp community. Let's not speculate, and waste our energy and activism, when we can verify, and focus our efforts on confirmed threats.
Tuesday, December 23 2014
 There's been a change of judges in the USARK v. USFWS lawsuit about listing big constrictors as injurious species.
The case was recently transferred to Judge Raymond Daniel Moss. He will be the third judge assigned to the case. In August, we had been informed that the case had been transferred from Judge Sullivan to the Honorable Reggie B. Walton. In the case of both transfers, it appears to be simply a matter of trying to distribute the judicial workload.
On November 14, 2014, Judge Moss received his judicial commission to serve as a federal judge for the United States District Court for the District of Columbia. Upon his confirmation, Judge Moss left a large, prestigious DC law firm where he had chaired the Regulatory and Government Affairs Department. This is his first position as a judge, although upon graduation from law school he was a law clerk for a federal district court judge and then for Justice Stevens of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Judge Moss has spent considerably more time in private practice than working for the government. Hopefully, his private practice experience in regulatory and government affairs will help him be able to also see the issues from our perspective.
Friday, December 19 2014
 In March 2014, West Virginia enacted the Dangerous Wild Animal (DWA) law, which was lobbied for heavily by the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) and its affiliated WV organizations.
Similar bills had previously failed in WV, dying in legislative committee and once progressing far enough to be vetoed by WV’s Governor. Although the state’s Governor vetoed a similar DWA bill in 2012, which veto occurred after the Zanesville animal release in 2011, he signed the 2014 DWA bill.
The Zanesville Connection
WV’s 2014 DWA Bill (HB 4393) is frequently justified by the 2011 release of 50 animals in Zanesville, Ohio (consisting of lions, tigers, bears and wolves). As covered in Esquire, the released animals had been accumulated via purchase and “rescue” by Terry Thompson and were housed in outdoor cages on his 73-acre farm.
Forty-nine of the released animals were killed by law enforcement on or near the farm on the evening of the release, and the remaining tiger was killed on the farm the next morning. It has been reported that officers closed the doors of several cages in which a few large cats had remained, only to discover that every cage had been cut open in addition to having its door left open. Thompson’s partially eaten body was discovered on the farm with bolt cutters and a pistol lying nearby.
The police theorized that before shooting himself in the head, Thompson cut open the sides of all the cages, as well as, opening all the cage doors. In Thompson's house, however, two monkeys, three leopards and a small bear remained alive in cages.
Continue reading "What's going on with West Virginia's Dangerous Wild Animal law?"
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